2023年全国甲卷 D
Grizaly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted cor-ner of the American psyche-we rever(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tour-ists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
"Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range," says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more,they're incresingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Eurpeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continu-ous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so suecess-ful that the U.S. Fish and wildlife service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conserva-tion groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously,if precautions(预防)aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away."Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears ean pass through without learning bad habits," says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
32.How do Americans look at grizlies?
A.They cause mixed feelings in people.
B.They should be kept in national parks.
C.They are of high scientific value.
D.They are a symbol of American culture.
33.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A.The European settlers' behavior.
B.The expansion of bears' range.
C.The protection by law since 1975.
D.The support of Native Americans.
34.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies?
A.The opposition of conservation groups.
B.The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C.The voice of the biologists.
D.The local farmers'advocates.
35.What can be ierere from the last paragraph?
A.Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B.People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C.A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D.Technology can be itroduced to protect grizzlies.
答案及解析：
32. A. They cause mixed feelings in people.
解析：根据第一段，灰熊在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的位置——人们既敬畏它们，它们又给人们带来恐怖的梦境。这表明美国人对灰熊有着复杂的感情。
33. C. The protection by law since 1975.
解析：第三段提到，到20世纪70年代初，灰熊的数量减少到仅占其原始范围2%的地区，1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法案》。随后提到现在灰熊的数量大约有2000只左右，说明是法律保护帮助了灰熊数量的增加。
34. A. The opposition of conservation groups.
解析：第四段提到，美国鱼类和野生动物服务局曾两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，但由于保护组织的诉讼，这两次努力都被否决了。这说明是保护组织的反对阻止了灰熊被除名。
35. B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
解析：最后一段提到，如果人们采取措施，比如清除院子里的食物和诱饵，安装电网围栏等，灰熊通常不会造成麻烦。James Jonkel希望有一个没有诱饵的地方，让熊可以通过而不会养成坏习惯。这表明人们可以与灰熊和谐共处。
