2020年北京卷
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45 分)
第一节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 (play) a big role in his life. “My mum was a great cook, and she’d sometimes let me have a try,” he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum’s help. Oliver says if you’re 2 (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it’s possible.
B
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 4 (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years 5 (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 6 countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 7 (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.
C
A piece of stone 8 (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 9 (live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40,000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it’s long been assumed that human ancestors were 10 (smart) than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
答案及解析：
A
1. plays
解析：根据句意，食物在奥利弗的生活中扮演着重要角色，表示一直存在的状态，所以用一般现在时态。
2. lucky
解析：根据句意，如果你足够幸运，有人喜欢烹饪，这里修饰形容词enough，所以用形容词lucky。
3. if/whether
解析：根据句意，询问是否可以加入，所以用if引导条件状语从句。
B
4. are thrown
解析：根据句意，这些塑料袋在使用几次后被扔掉，表示被动关系，所以用are thrown。
5. to break
解析：根据句意，这些袋子需要数百年才能分解，take some time to do sth.表示花费时间做某事。
6. into/to
解析：根据句意，这些袋子分解成无数小片，所以用介词into。
7. countries
解析：根据句意，许多国家和地区正在采取行动，这里表示多个国家，所以用countries。
C
8. found
解析：根据句意，一块在荷兰海滩上发现的石头，表示被动关系，所以用found。
9. lived
解析：根据句意，尼安德特人与人类祖先在欧洲共存了几万年，表示过去发生的动作，所以用lived。
10. smarter
解析：根据句意，长期以来，人们认为人类祖先比尼安德特人聪明，这里表示比较级，所以用smarter。
