2020年全国I卷
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 .
I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical (比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity (机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the
opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?” That is, “What if it isn’t a 57 pportunity?”
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59
repeatedly having to say, “No. We can’t go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B.target C.reason D. case
42. A. admit B.believe C. mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B.constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B.danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B.slightly C.hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B.approving C.receiving D.attempting
47. A. win out B.give up C. wakeup D. stand out
48. A. dream B.lie C.fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers
50. A. restrictions B.explanations C.differences D.consequences
51. A. demand B.fear C.desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B.biological C.spiritual D.behavioral
53. A. traditional B.important C. double D. original
54. A. life B.time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B.in addition to C.regardless of D. insteadof
56. A. get hold of B.stare at C.knock on D. make useof
57. A. real B.Typical C.similar D.limited
58. A. safety rule B.comfort zone C. bottomline D. top secret
59. A. delay B.regret C. enjoy D. accept
60. A. hurry B.decide C.hesitate D.intend
答案解析：
41. C. 这里需要一个名词来解释为什么作者和妻子要把滑动玻璃门说成是窗户，显然是因为一个原因。选项C "reason"符合语境。
42. A. 这里需要一个动词来表示作者和妻子承认那是一扇门。选项A "admit"表示承认，符合语境。
43. B. 这里需要一个副词来描述孩子们如果知道那是门会不断地想要出去。选项B "constantly"表示不断地，符合语境。
44. D. 根据上下文，孩子们显然知道真相。选项D "truth"表示真相，符合语境。
45. A. 这里需要一个副词来修饰动词"is"，表示那仅仅是一个窗户。选项A "merely"表示仅仅，符合语境。
46. D. 根据上文they’ll want to go outside以及语境分析可知，孩子们一直想开门出去，因此attempting符合语境。这个语句完整语意为“我们坚称那是一扇窗使他们不会一直尝试要求打开那扇门”。故正确答案为D。
47. C. 这里需要一个短语来表示孩子们有一天会意识到他们所知道的一切关于窗户的事实是一个谎言。选项C "wake up"表示醒来，符合语境。
48. B.这里需要一个名词来表示孩子们所知道的关于窗户的事实是一个谎言。选项B "lie"表示谎言，符合语境。
49. A. 这里需要一个名词来表示是否父母应该总是告诉孩子真相。选项A "parents"表示父母，符合语境。
50. D. 这里需要一个名词来表示不管后果如何都应该告诉真相。选项D "consequences"表示后果，符合语境。
51. B. 这里需要一个名词来表示作者对撒谎给孩子带来的伤害的担忧。选项B "fear"表示恐惧，符合语境。
52. C. 这里需要一个形容词来描述对孩子精神上的伤害。选项C "spiritual"表示精神的，符合语境。
53. B. 结合第三段倒数第二句中 What if later 可知窗户和门有很重要的比喻意义，门比喻着将来的机会。故正确答案为B。
54. A. 这里需要一个名词来表示孩子们在未来生活中可能会遇到的情况。选项A "life"表示生活，符合语境。
55. D. 这里需要一个短语来表示孩子们可能会犹豫不前，而不是利用机会。选项D "instead of"表示代替，符合语境。
56. B. 子中提到孩子们只是盯着门看，而没有去尝试打开它，因此此处需要填入表示“盯着看”的短语，B选项stare at符合语境。其他选项的意思分别是：get hold of(抓住)、knock on(敲击)、make use of(利用)，均不符合语境。
57. A. 这里需要一个形容词来描述孩子们可能会怀疑的机会是否是真正的机会。选项A "real"表示真实的，符合语境。
58. C. 这里需要一个短语来表示最基本的规则是不应该对孩子撒谎。选项C "bottom line"表示底线，符合语境。
59. D. 这里需要一个动词来表示作者应该接受不断地说“不，我们现在不能出去”的事实。选项D "accept"表示接受，符合语境。
60. C. 这里需要一个动词来表示孩子们在未来遇到机会时不会犹豫。选项C "hesitate"表示犹豫，符合语境。
2020年全国II卷
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard," a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
"That’s the garden in our picture,"Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called "The Girl with Two Chairs." They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a small Dog." The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.
41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted
42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried
43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run
44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden
45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real
46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargain
47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought
48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved
49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led
50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natual
51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed
52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor
53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready
54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden
55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily
56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole
57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied
58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically
59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police
60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents
答案解析：
41. C. exposed
此处的意思是意大利的隐私法不允许公开Nicolo的真名。Expose意为“暴露，公开”，符合语境。
42. A. finished
根据后文的内容，Nicolo在日出后去了拍卖会，说明他刚完成了一整夜的工作。Finish意为“完成”，符合语境。
43. D. run
此处指的是由意大利警方举办的“下班后拍卖”。Run an auction意为“举办拍卖会”，符合语境。
44. B. found
此处指的是在火车上找到的东西被出售。Find意为“找到”，符合语境。
45. A. nice
Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在他餐桌上方会很漂亮。Nice意为“好的，漂亮的”，符合语境。
46. A. battled
此处指的是Nicolo和其他竞拍者争夺画作直到最后。Battle意为“争斗”，符合语境。
47. D. brought
Nicolo退休后带着画去了西西里。Bring意为“带来”，符合语境。
48. D. moved
Nicolo把画挂在他从都灵搬来的同一张餐桌上方。Move意为“移动”，符合语境。
49. C. taken
Nicolo的儿子上过一门艺术欣赏课。Take a class意为“上课”，符合语境。
50. B. unusual
Nicolo的儿子觉得画中的年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上这幅画有点不同寻常。Unusual意为“不寻常的”，符合语境。
51. C. researched
Nicolo的儿子查看了画作。Research意为“研究”，符合语境。
52. A. painter
此处指的是画作上签的是“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。Painter意为“画家”，符合语境。
53. B. surprised
Nicolo的儿子惊讶地在书中找到了画家的照片。Surprised意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。
54. D. garden
画中的Pierre Bonnard坐在与画中相同的花园椅子上。Garden意为“花园”，符合语境。
55. C. eventually
他们最终得知了画作的名称。Eventually意为“最终”，符合语境。
56. A. owned
他们得知了自己拥有的画作叫做“坐在两把椅子上的女孩”。Own意为“拥有”，符合语境。
57. D. studied
他们也研究了另一幅画。Study意为“研究”，符合语境。
58. B. actually
他们得知另一幅画实际上是Paul Gauguin的“有只小狗的桌子上的静物水果”。Actually意为“实际上”，符合语境。
59. C. family
这家人联系了意大利文化部。Family意为“家庭”，符合语境。
60. B. originals
官方确认这些画作是真迹，价值高达5000万美元。Originals意为“原作”，符合语境。
2020年全国Ⅲ卷
第一节(共20小题: 每小题1.5分， 满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、Be C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They'll come rushing in, 42 their handbag's been stolen. They'll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoc(混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They'll have out half the45 in the shop, and want the only style you don't have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was 49absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a "regular". After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 and since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don't take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband. Maybe her child's not 57 .” Always water it down and don't let your ego (自我)get 58 . If you do, you won't be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone's day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43.A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D.apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57.A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B.in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
答案及解析：
41. B. customers
解析：根据上下文，这里讲述的是作者对顾客的感受，所以应该是顾客(customers)既能让你深爱，也能让你疯狂。
42. A. saying
解析：顾客冲进店里，说(saying)他们的手袋被偷了。
43. D. swear
解析：顾客坚称(swear)他们把包留在了更衣室。
44. C. discover
解析：顾客在制造混乱后，发现(discover)包一直都在他们的车里。
45. D. goods
解析：顾客把店里一半的货物(goods)都翻出来了。
46. A. particular
解析：顾客想要唯一一个你没有的特定(particular)颜色款式。
47. B. smiling
解析：作者尝试说服员工保持微笑(smiling)。
48. D. difficult
解析：这里讲述的是第一个真正困难的(difficult)顾客。
49. B. displeased with
解析：她对一切都感到不满(displeased with)。
50. C. surprised
解析：作者对于她成为常客感到惊讶(surprised)。
51. D. apologized
解析：过了一段时间，她为最初的行为道歉(apologized)。
52. B. by herself
解析：她独自(by herself)住在公寓里。
53. C. other
解析：她把情绪发泄在其他人(other people)身上。
54. A. lesson
解析：这件事教会了作者一个宝贵的教训(lesson)。
55. A. work
解析：作者把这个教训传给市场里工作(work)的人。
56. C. personally
解析：不要把顾客的行为当成人身攻击(personally)。
57. D. well
解析：也许她的孩子生病了(not well)。
58. B. in the way
解析：不要让你的自我(ego)挡道(in the way)。
59. C. handle
解析：如果你做不到，你就无法处理(handle)这种情况。
60. A. ruins
解析：这会毁掉(ruins)每个人的一天。
2020年新高考II卷(海南卷)
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he____41____his car to call 911. Then he____42____a U-turn, circling back to take another look.
Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames(火焰)shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines____43____. Grant rushed to a side____44____and ran up the stairs.
On the second floor, he____45____every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one____46____and he assumed that people had already____47____. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant____48____a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a____49____woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's_____50_____!" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching(抓牢)the baby to his chest and_____51_____the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was_____52_____outside, the only_____53_____in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the_____54_____and they rushed into the smoky building.
Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their_____55_____.
41. A. drove B. stopped C. reached D. abandoned
42. A. saw B. made C. missed D. crossed
43. A. burning B. leaving C. approaching D. waiting
44. A. entrance B. road C. building D. window
45. A. locked B. kicked C. counted D. repaired
46. A. agreed B. cared C. responded D. understood
47. A. arrived B. returned C. hidden D. escaped
48. A. skipped B. closed C. noticed D. remembered
49. A. frightened B. curious C. patient D. grateful
50. A. turn back B. go up C. get out D. lie down
51. A. following B. dragging C. examining D. passing
52. A. safely B. secretly C. suddenly D. previously
53. A. witness B. guide C. service D. help
54. A. woman B. door C. car D. baby
55. A. wisdom B. generosity C. honesty D. courage
答案解析：
41. B. 根据上下文，Jim Grant看到有黑烟冒出，应该是停下车来打电话。stop his car意为“停车”。
42. B. make a U-turn是固定短语，意为“掉头”。
43. C. 这里表示没有看到或听到任何消防车正在接近，所以用现在分词短语作定语，表示正在进行的动作。
44. A. 根据上下文，Grant是冲向建筑的入口，所以用entrance“入口”。
45. B. 根据上下文，Grant是在紧急情况下踢开每个公寓的门，所以用kicked“踢”。
46. C. 这里表示没有人回应他的呼喊，所以用responded“回应”。
47. D. 根据上下文，Grant以为人们已经逃出去了，所以用escaped“逃跑”。
48. C. 根据上下文，Grant注意到一个半开的门，所以用noticed“注意到”。
49. A. 根据上下文，他发现了一个受惊的女人，所以用frightened“受惊的”。
50. C. 这里表示他尖叫着让女人离开，所以用get out“出去”。
51. B. 根据上下文，Grant是拖着男孩沿着走廊跑，所以用dragging“拖”。
52. A. 根据上下文，他们安全地到达外面，所以用safely“安全地”。
53. D.根据上下文，当他们安全到达外面时，唯一能给予帮助的是眼前的一名警察，所以用help。
54. A. 根据上下文，Grant告诉警察关于那个女人的情况，所以用woman“女人”。
55. D. 根据上下文，他们因为勇气而受到表彰，所以用courage“勇气”。
2020年山东卷
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。
Molaigrew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands whichbecame his second 21 . Helearned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to noticesomething 23 happeningaround his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren't enough trees toprotect them from the 27 . Thesolution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would growthere. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling (幼树) a bambooplatform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落)on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts haveresulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to manyplants and animals.
21.A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22.A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23.A.precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24.A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25.A. besides B. however C. therefore D. Otherwise
26.A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27.A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29.A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30.A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31.A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32.A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33.A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34.A. cooldown B. keepoff C.purify D.collect
35.A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
答案解析：
21. 本空所在句的句意为“这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，湿地成了他的第二个_____”。dream意为“梦想”;job意为“工作”;home意为“家”;choice意为“选择”。根据前文“Molai grew up in a tiny village in India”可知，Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大，结合后文提到的他从很小的时候就了解到了湿地的价值和美丽，可推测湿地对于Molai来说意义重大，像是他的第二个“家”，将home填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：C. home。
22. 本空所在句的句意为“他从很小的时候就了解到了_____的价值和美丽”。nature意为“自然”;youth意为“青春”;culture意为“文化”;knowledge意为“知识”。后文提到Molai注意到了家乡周围发生的一些令人不安的事情，以及他为了保护动物而去种树，可推测他是在湿地这个自然环境中了解到了自然的价值和美丽，将nature填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：A. nature。
23. 本空所在句的句意为“当他16岁的时候，Molai开始注意到他家乡周围发生了一些_____事情”。precious意为“珍贵的”;interesting意为“有趣的”;disturbing意为“令人不安的”;awkward意为“尴尬的”。后文提到家乡发生了洪水，洪水造成的损害赶走了一些鸟，而且蛇的数量也减少了，由此可知这些事情都是不好的事情，即令人不安的事情，将disturbing填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：C. disturbing。
24. 本空所在句的句意为“那一年早些时候，该地区发生了一场洪水，洪水造成的_____赶走了一些鸟”。waste意为“浪费”;tension意为“紧张”;pain意为“痛苦”;damage意为“损害”。根据后文“had driven away a number of birds”可知，洪水赶走了一些鸟，这说明洪水对当地造成了一些不好的影响，将damage填入本空表示“洪水造成的损害”，可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：D. damage。
25. 本空所在句的句意为“_____，蛇的数量也减少了”。Besides意为“另外”;However意为“然而”;Therefore意为“因此”;Otherwise意为“否则”。前文提到洪水造成的损害赶走了一些鸟，本空所在句提到蛇的数量也减少了，这两件事之间是并列关系，并不是因果关系或条件关系，所以将Besides填入本空可使本句语义通顺，表示“另外，蛇的数量也减少了”，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：A. Besides。
26. 本空所在句的句意为“他_____因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受_____的伤害”。agreed意为“同意”;realized意为“意识到”;remembered意为“记得”;predicted意为“预测”。根据前文提到的洪水、鸟被赶走和蛇的数量减少这些事情，以及后文提到的“因为没有足够的树来保护它们”，可推测Molai是“意识到”了这一点，将realized填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：B. realized。
27. 本空所在句的句意为“他意识到因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受_____的伤害”。noise意为“噪音”;heat意为“炎热”;disease意为“疾病”;dust意为“灰尘”。前文提到洪水造成了损害，由此可推测当地的环境可能遭到了破坏，而且后文提到Molai要去种树，这说明当地可能缺少树木，而树木通常可以遮阴，由此可推测当地可能比较炎热，没有树木来遮挡，将heat填入本空可使本句语义通顺，表示“没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的伤害”，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：B. heat。
28. 本空所在句的句意为“当然，解决办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找_____”。directions意为“方向”;partners意为“伙伴”;help意为“帮助”;shelter意为“遮蔽处”。前文提到没有足够的树来保护动物免受炎热的伤害，由此可推测种树的解决办法是让动物们可以在白天寻找一个遮蔽处，将shelter填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：D. shelter。
29. 本空所在句的句意为“他向_____部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不会生长”。labor意为“劳动”;police意为“警察”;forest意为“森林”;finance意为“财政”。前文提到Molai要去种树，由此可推测他是向与种树有关的部门求助，forest department意为“林业部门”，将forest填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：C. forest。
30. 本空所在句的句意为“然而，Molai自己去寻找，并在附近的一个岛上_____，在那里他开始种树”。rebuilt意为“重建”;discovered意为“发现”;left意为“离开”;managed意为“管理”。根据后文提到的“在那里他开始种树”可知，Molai是“发现”了一个岛，将discovered填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：B. discovered。
31. 本空所在句的句意为“在旱季_____幼苗对一个孤独的男孩来说是_____”。Decorating意为“装饰”;Observing意为“观察”;Watering意为“浇水”;Guarding意为“守卫”。后文提到Molai在每棵幼树的上方搭建了一个竹平台，由此可知他是在给幼苗浇水，将Watering填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：C. Watering。
32. 本空所在句的句意为“在旱季给幼苗浇水对一个孤独的男孩来说是_____”。tough意为“艰难的”;illegal意为“非法的”;fantastic意为“极好的”;beneficial意为“有益的”。根据前文提到的“在旱季”可知，旱季通常比较干旱，而且后文提到Molai为了给幼苗浇水，在每棵幼树的上方搭建了一个竹平台，由此可知在旱季给幼苗浇水是比较艰难的，将tough填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：A. tough。
33. 本空所在句的句意为“Molai在每棵幼树的_____搭建了一个竹平台”。back意为“后面”;top意为“上方”;foot意为“脚下”;side意为“旁边”。后文提到竹平台上放置了有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水，然后雨水会滴到下面的植物上，由此可知竹平台是搭建在幼树的上方，将top填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：B. top。
34. 本空所在句的句意为“在那里他放置了有小孔的陶罐来_____雨水”。cool down意为“冷静下来”;keep off意为“远离”;purify意为“净化”;collect意为“收集”。根据前文提到的“在旱季”以及后文提到的“雨水会滴到下面的植物上”可知，陶罐是用来“收集”雨水的，将collect填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：D. collect。
35. 本空所在句的句意为“Molai在接下来的37年里_____种树”。returned意为“返回”;learned意为“学习”;failed意为“失败”;continued意为“继续”。前文提到Molai开始在附近的一个岛上种树，后文提到“His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land”，其意思是“他的努力已经形成了1360英亩自然生长的土地”，由此可知Molai在接下来的37年里“继续”种树，将continued填入本空可使本句语义通顺，其余选项均不符合本句语境，可排除。因此，本小题应选：D. continued。
2020年北京卷
第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family get-together in the town of Vail.
On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all 11 at the fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded ( 蹚 水 ) around in the fountain until we 12 . This is one of the busiest walking streets.
After we returned to the hotel late in the afternoon, my 7-year-old son Ponder
13 that nowhere could he find his backpack, which 14 his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough 15 , we determined that he must have left it at the fountain.
Ponder has never 16 anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no supervision ( 指 导 ) for managing his 17 .
He was upset, not about the Gameboy, but about the watch. “But Dad,” he said, through massive 18 , “they don’t make that kind of watch anymore.” We were all very 19 .
Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I 20 him that we would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been 21 .
As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the long staircase. I saw something black 22 there, but it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain, so I could not 23 what it was or if it was hers.
“See it, Dad?” Ponder shouted. “Don’t get too 24 because that may not
be it,” I said. But that was it. It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and it was 25 there. There was no ID in it, and it looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right out where all could 26 it.
I literally 27 when we reached it and it was his! Everyone in our party was blown away by this “miracle ( 奇 迹 )” . In my wildest 28 , I would never have imagined that this could happen nowadays.
What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect 29 for a child in losing something important … to lose it and feel the full 30 of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.
11.A.droveB.hikedC.metD.united
12.A.landedB.leftC.settledD.slept
13.A.respondedB.recognisedC.realisedD.recalled
14.A.containedB.combinedC.comprisedD.covered
15.A.preparationB.checkupC.revisionD.search
16.A.wastedB.lostC.soughtD.deserted
17.A.emotionB.timeC.moneyD.stuff
18.A.tearsB.fistsC.reliefsD.outbreaks
19.A.hesitantB.curiousC.sadD.eager
20.A.promisedB.informedC.warnedD.taught
21.A.worn outB.caught upC.put awayD.turned in
22.A.hidingB.sittingC.swingingD.flowing
23.A.assessB.declareC.tellD.predict
24.A.excitedB.puzzledC.relaxedD.amused
25.A.alreadyB.evenC.almostD.still
26.A.takeB.seeC.touchD.protect
27.A.panickedB.explodedC.collapsedD.cried
28.A.dreamsB.claimsC.effortsD.passions
29.A.modeB.lessonC.optionD.plot
30.A.rangeB.pressureC.weightD.harvest
答案及解析：
11. C. met解析：根据上下文，大家是在市场中间的喷泉附近相遇的，所以用met。
12. B. left解析：根据上下文，孩子们在喷泉里玩水，直到我们离开，所以用left。
13. C. realised解析：根据上下文，7岁的儿子Ponder意识到他的背包不见了，所以用realised。
14. A. contained解析：根据上下文，背包里装有Gameboy和手表，所以用contained。
15. D. search解析：根据上下文，他们彻底地搜寻了背包，所以用search。
16. B. lost解析：根据上下文，Ponder从未丢过东西，所以用lost。
17. D. stuff解析：根据上下文，他们以为Ponder不需要指导来管理他的东西，所以用stuff。
18. A. tears解析：根据上下文，Ponder因为丢失手表而流泪，所以用tears。
19. C. sad解析：根据上下文，大家都很伤心，所以用sad。
20. A. promised解析：根据上下文，父亲承诺会去找背包，所以用promised。
21. D. turned in解析：根据上下文，他们打算问警察是否有人上交了背包，所以用turned in。
22. B. sitting解析：根据上下文，作者看到喷泉边有一个黑色的东西在那里，所以用sitting。
23. C. tell解析：根据上下文，作者无法确定那是什么或者是否是那位女士的，所以用tell。
24. A. excited解析：根据上下文，作者告诉Ponder不要太激动，因为那可能不是他的背包，所以用excited。
25. D. still解析：根据上下文，五六个小时过去了，背包仍然在那里，所以用still。
26. B. see解析：根据上下文，背包被放在一个所有人都能看到的地方，所以用see。
27. D. cried解析：根据上下文，当作者确认那是Ponder的背包时，他哭了，所以用cried。
28. A. dreams解析：根据上下文，作者从未想到现在会发生这样的事情，所以用dreams。
29. B. lesson解析：根据上下文，作者认为这是一个孩子丢失重要东西的完美教训，所以用lesson。
30. C. weight解析：根据上下文，孩子应该感受到丢失东西的 full weight(全部重量/重要性)，所以用weight。
2020年浙江卷
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 37 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 38 it while Don stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41 Don had somehow made the 42 move.
My heart froze in my chest as I 43 the tractor heading towards the 44 . I ran desperately but failed to 45 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Don’ s face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I 47 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 48 against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地)crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I 50 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 51 , and dashed back to me.
The police 52 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn’t quite believe my 53 it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 . Don was given a special 55 that night — I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
36. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned
37. A. kids B. friends C. owner D. mother
38. A. ask about B. play with C. tend to D. run into
39. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined
40. A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult
41. A. Fortunately B. generally C. immediately D. Obviously
42. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence
43. A. saw B. stopped C. remembered D. drove
44. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill
45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out
46. A. real B. best C. basic D. last
47. A. fixed B. noticed C. reached D. closed
48. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning
49. A. steep B. long C. rough D. busy
50. A. abandoned B. approached C. recognized D. repaired
51. A. unclean B. uncertain C. unhurt D. unhappy
52. A. arrived B. replied C. survived D. waited
53. A. ability B. dream C. luck D. idea
54. A. common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful
55. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson
答案解析：
36. B解析：根据后文提到的羊羔离开了它的母亲，可以推断出作者是在山顶田野发现了这只迷路的羊羔。spot意为“发现”，符合语境。
37. D解析：根据前文提到的作者发现了迷路的羊羔，可以推断出羊羔是离开了它的母亲。mother符合语境。
38. C解析：根据前文提到的羊羔离开了它的母亲，可以推断出作者是去照顾这只羊羔。tend to意为“照顾”，符合语境。
39. C解析：根据后文提到的作者回头去看拖拉机，可以推断出羊羔和它的母亲已经团聚了。reunited意为“团聚”，符合语境。
40. A解析：根据后文提到的作者跳下拖拉机时已经拉上了手刹，可以推断出拖拉机突然移动是出乎意料的。unexpected意为“出乎意料的”，符合语境。
41. D解析：根据后文提到的狗Don不知怎的使拖拉机移动了，可以推断出这是一个明显的现象。Obviously意为“显然地”，符合语境。
42. B解析：根据前文提到的拖拉机突然移动，可以推断出是狗Don使车辆移动了。vehicle意为“车辆”，符合语境。
43. A解析：根据后文提到的作者看到拖拉机朝马路冲去，可以推断出作者是看到了这一幕。saw意为“看到”，符合语境。
44. B解析：根据后文提到的拖拉机冲破木栅栏，可以推断出拖拉机是朝马路冲去。motorway意为“高速公路”，符合语境。
45. B解析：根据后文提到的作者没能阻止拖拉机，可以推断出作者是试图追上拖拉机。catch up意为“追上”，符合语境。
46. D解析：根据后文提到的作者看到的是Don的脸，可以推断出这是作者看到的最后一件事。last意为“最后的”，符合语境。
47. C解析：根据后文提到的作者看向栅栏的另一边，可以推断出作者是到达了栅栏。reached意为“到达”，符合语境。
48. A解析：根据后文提到的拖拉机奇迹般地穿过了交通繁忙的道路，可以推断出拖拉机是停在了中央隔离带的防撞栏上。resting意为“休息的”，符合语境。
49. D解析：根据后文提到的交通正常运转，可以推断出这是一条繁忙的道路。busy意为“繁忙的”，符合语境。
50. B解析：根据后文提到的Don跳了出来，可以推断出作者是走近了拖拉机。approached意为“接近”，符合语境。
51. C解析：根据后文提到的Don冲回作者身边，可以推断出Don没有受伤。unhurt意为“未受伤的”，符合语境。
52. A解析：根据后文提到的交通恢复正常，可以推断出警察到了现场。arrived意为“到达”，符合语境。
53. C解析：根据后文提到的结果本可能更糟糕，可以推断出作者不敢相信自己这么幸运。luck意为“幸运”，符合语境。
54. D解析：根据后文提到的结果本可能更糟糕，可以推断出结果可能会很糟糕。awful意为“糟糕的”，符合语境。
55. A解析：根据后文提到的作者不希望Don认为自己在生它的气，可以推断出Don那天晚上得到了一顿特别的饭。meal意为“饭”，符合语境。
2021年北京卷
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
Recently，I took a trip home by train.I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept____1____a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap.The woman's eye fell on the man's face，and she immediately looked down and____2____her scarf.
As the night wore on，people began to close their eyes，but the seats were so uncomfortable that only a very heavy sleeper could manage to get any____3____.The woman looked over at the man.He was still staring at her.She looked back at him with fire in her eyes.I was beginning to get____4____，too.
The train moved on.The little boy was ____5____ awake on his mother's lap，but the woman dropped off to sleep.A moment later，he began to____6____the half-open window—one leg went over it.The man jumped up and ____7____the child just before he fell out.
The____8____ woke up the woman.She seemed to be in____9____，and then reality dawned (显现).“Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window，”the man said as he gave the child back to her. .“So I have been watching the whole time.”The woman was _____10_____，and so was I.
1. A. guidingB. botheringC. watchingD. monitoring
2. A. adjustedB. changedC. packedD. waved
3. A. airB. joyC. spaceD. rest
4. A. nervousB. embarrassedC. angryD. disappointed
5. A. almostB. stillC. hardlyD. even
6. A. dragB. climbC. knockD. push
7. A. grabbedB. rockedC. touchedD. picked
8. A. alarmB. quarrelC. riskD. noise
9. A. sorrowB. reliefC. panicD. pain
10. A. astonishedB. confusedC. concernedD. inspired
答案解析：
1. C. watching。这里描述的是中年男子一直在观察那位年轻女性，watching表示“观看，注视”，符合语境。
2. A. adjusted。根据后文，女子看到男子后立即低下头调整她的围巾，adjusted表示“调整”，符合语境。
3. D. rest。由于座位不舒服，只有睡得很沉的人才能够得到休息，rest表示“休息”，符合语境。
4. C. nervous。由前文He was still staring at her和She looked back at him with fire in her eyes可知，男子一直在盯着女子看，女子生气地回望他，所以“我”也开始感到生气，所以选项C符合题意，选项ABD错误。因此，本小题的正确答案为：C. angry。
5. B. still。小男孩仍然醒着，still表示“仍然”，符合语境。
6. B. climb。小男孩开始往半开的窗户爬，climb表示“爬”，符合语境。
7. A. grabbed。男子跳起来抓住了孩子，grabbed表示“抓住”，符合语境。
8. D. noise。孩子被抓住的声音吵醒了女人，noise表示“噪音”，符合语境。
9. C. panic。女人醒来时显得很恐慌，panic表示“恐慌”，符合语境。
10. A. astonished。女人对男子的行为感到惊讶，astronomical表示“惊讶的”，符合语境。
2021年6月浙江卷
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to de her 36 and visit the doctor, providing 37 and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to 38 some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was 39 about three dollars. The only 40 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 41 she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol(医用酒精)and a bar of soup. By taking of these, she was able to 42 the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people 43 and then go off to the side to 44 their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a 45 came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you 46 ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the 47 . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She 48 for the woman's name and address so that she could 49 her. The woman told her it was her 50 .
My mother was so 51 by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier(收银员)a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 52 the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough 53 for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of 54 that not only helped my mother out, but 55 too.
36. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping
37. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter
38. A. return B. collet C. order D. buy
39. A. shot B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned
40. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason
41. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses
42. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch
43. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. it down
44. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag
45. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor
46. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back
47. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle
48. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched
49. A. Repay B. trust C. recognize D. help
50. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn
51. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced
52. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that
53. A. energy B. money C. space D. time
54. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor
55. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand
答案解析：
36. D。根据后文提到的“visit the doctor”以及“she likes to go to a nearby store to...some small things she needs”，可以推断出作者每周带母亲做的事情之一是购物。因此，选D shopping。
37. C。根据上下文，作者提供的应该是陪伴和交通，而不是奖励、药物或庇护。因此，选C company。
38. D。根据句意，母亲去商店是为了买一些她需要的小东西。因此，选D buy。
39. A。句子中提到当她去付杂货费时，发现钱不够，少了三美元，所以她是short(短缺)了三美元，选项A中的shot是short的过去式，表示短缺，符合句意。因此，正确答案是A。
40. B。根据句意，唯一的支付方式是去掉一些不需要的东西。因此，选B way。
41. B。根据句意，母亲不得不去掉一些她可以不要的东西。因此，选B things。
42. C。根据句意，母亲通过去掉一些东西，能够使新的总额与她带的钱相符。因此，选C bring。
43. C。根据句意，人们在商店结账然后去旁边打包自己的杂货。因此，选C check out。
44. D。根据句意，人们结账后去旁边打包自己的杂货。因此，选D bag。
45. A。根据后文，这个女人是陌生人，因为她之前没有提到。因此，选A stranger。
46.D。句子中提到“here are the things you put back”，意思是“这是你放回去的东西”，因此应该选择D选项“put back(放回)”。
47. B。根据前文提到的母亲放回的是医用酒精和肥皂，可以推断出这个女人给了她肥皂。因此，选B soap。
48. A。根据句意，母亲想要这个女人的姓名和地址以便回报她。因此，选A asked。
49. A。根据句意，母亲想要这个女人的姓名和地址是为了回报她。因此，选A repay。
50. C。根据句意，这个女人说帮助母亲是她的礼物。因此，选C gift。
51. C。根据句意，母亲对这个女人的举动感到感动。因此，选C touched。
52. A。根据句意，母亲决定给收银员五美元，以防同样的事情发生在其他人身上。因此，选A in case。
53. B。根据句意，如果其他人没有足够的钱买杂货，收银员可以用这五美元。因此，选B money。
54. C。根据句意，这个陌生女人的行为是一种随机的善举。因此，选C kindness。
55. A。根据句意，这个陌生女人的行为不仅帮助了母亲，还让她的一天变得美好。因此，选A made her day。
2021年全国新高考II卷
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times,and has even learned to_41_different dialects(方言)，leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor".
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a _42._However,he is more devoted to his “ _43_ "than any real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the heip of some beggars. To look into the _44_，Wang disguised(伪装)himself and _45_ the beggars.Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the _46_ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the _47_ of the beggars.
“I often 48 them to drink alcohol. Once they were _49_,they began to talk a lot,"Wang said. “I'd then __50 __ myself to use the toilet,51 what the beggars said, and send the _52_ to my teammates.”
Wang，who is often in 53_ situations， is also a judo (柔道) master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can 54__ from me," he said.
Wang's 55 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.
41.A.teach B.compare C.assess D.speak
42.A.lawyer B.doctor C.policeman D.businessman
43.A.role B.study C.family D.audience
44.A.minor B.case C.future D.question
45.A.interviewed B.joined C.arrested D.assisted
46.A.challenge B.experience C.appearance D.freedom
47.A.vote B.sympathy C.permission D.trust
48.A.invited B.forced C.helped D.expected
49.A.drunk B.deserted C.bored D.lost
50.A.guide B.persuade C.excuse D.allow
51.A.refer to B.note down C.ask about D.miss out
52.A.plan B.agreement C.direction D.information
53.A.awkward B.dangerous C.unfortunate D.strange
54.A.separate B.recover C.escape D.hear
55.A.courage B.honesty C.kindness D.optimism
答案解析：
41. D.句子中提到Mr. Wang学会了说不同的方言，所以正确答案是D，即“说”。其他选项的意思分别是：A教;B比较;C评估，均不符合句意。
42. C.根据文章中的描述，这个人伪装自己混入乞丐中调查案件，这更符合警察的工作性质，因此选项C“警察”是正确答案。其他选项律师、医生和商人都不太符合这种情境。
43. A.在句子中提到了“he is more devoted to his role than any real actor”，意思是他比任何真正的演员都更专注于自己的角色。因此，正确答案是A，即“角色”。其他选项的意思与句子不符。
44. B.根据句子中的“look into the case”(调查案件)可以确定，正确答案为B，即案件。其他选项minor意为“次要的”，future意为“未来”，question意为“问题”，均与句意不符。
45. B.句子中提到他伪装自己混入乞丐中，所以应该是加入乞丐，选项B joined符合语境。选项A interviewed意为采访，与句意不符;选项C arrested意为逮捕，也不符合句意;选项D assisted意为协助，也不符合句意。因此，正确答案是B。
46. C.句子中说他穿着短裤和旧鞋，这暗示了他的外表(appearance)像一个真正的乞丐，因此C选项是正确的。其他选项的意思分别是：挑战(challenge)、经验(experience)和自由(freedom)，与句子意思不符。
47. D.句子中提到他的方言赢得了乞丐的信任，所以正确答案是D，即信任。其他选项的意思分别是：vote投票，sympathy同情，permission允许，都与句意不符。
48. A.句子中提到他经常邀请乞丐喝酒，所以选项A“邀请”是正确的。选项B“强迫”与句子意思不符;选项C“帮助”虽然也有可能，但不如“邀请”更符合语境;选项D“期望”更是与句子无关。因此，正确答案是A。
49. A.句子中提到“Once they were drunk”，意思是“一旦他们喝醉”，因此选项A“drunk”是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：deserted被抛弃的;bored无聊的;lost迷失的，都与句子意思不符。
50. C.句子中提到“I'd then excuse myself to use the toilet”，意思是“然后我就借口去上厕所”，因此选项C“excuse”符合语境。其他选项的意思分别是：guide引导;persuade说服;allow允许，都与句子意思不符。
51. B.句子中提到“记下乞丐们说的话”，因此正确选项应该是“note down”(记下)。其他选项的意思分别是：refer to 提到;ask about 询问;miss out 遗漏，都与句子意思不符。
52. D.句子中提到“send the information to my teammates”，意思是“把这些信息传给队友”，因此正确选项是D，即信息。其他选项的意思分别是：plan计划;agreement协议;direction方向，都与句子意思不符。
53. B.句子中提到他经常处于危险的环境中，因此正确答案是B，即危险的。其他选项awkward意为笨拙的，unfortunate意为不幸的，strange意为奇怪的，都与句子意思不符。
54. C.句子中提到“no criminal can escape from me”，意思是“没有罪犯能从我这里逃脱”，因此正确答案是C，即逃脱。其他选项的意思分别是：separate分离;recover恢复;hear听到，都与句子意思不符。
55. A.句子中提到王先生因为勇敢而获得了多个荣誉，因此正确答案是A，即勇气。其他选项honesty意为诚实，kindness意为善良，optimism意为乐观，都与句子意思不符。
2021年全国新高考I卷
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financia l C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B . permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. criedB. smiledC. hesitatedD. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
答案及解析：
41. C. made
解析：根据后文提到的"little bunny cakes"可知，这里应该是制作小兔子蛋糕。sold意为“出售”，ordered意为“订购”，reserved意为“预订”，这些选项都不符合语境。
42. A. stores
解析：根据常识，烘焙工厂制作的蛋糕应该是分发给各个商店。families意为“家庭”，schools意为“学校”，citizens意为“市民”，这些选项都不符合语境。
43. D. temporary
解析：根据前文提到的"our spring break"可知，这是春假期间的临时工作。generous意为“慷慨的”，financial意为“金融的”，technical意为“技术的”，这些选项都不符合语境。
44. A. plans
解析：根据语境，作者在春假期间没有计划。problems意为“问题”，excuses意为“借口”，hobbies意为“爱好”，这些选项都不符合语境。
45. B. earn
解析：根据语境，作者将赚取最低工资。offer意为“提供”，set意为“设置”，suggest意为“建议”，这些选项都不符合语境。
46. A. worked
解析：根据语境，这里应该是了解工厂是如何运作的。closed意为“关闭”，developed意为“发展”，survived意为“生存”，这些选项都不符合语境。
47. B. permission
解析：根据语境，父母同意并给Betsy的父亲打电话，所以应该是征求他们的许可。ambition意为“野心”，experience意为“经验”，invitation意为“邀请”，这些选项都不符合语境。
48. C. roles
解析：根据后文提到的任务描述，这里应该是我们在工厂的角色。joys意为“快乐”，ideas意为“想法”，choices意为“选择”，这些选项都不符合语境。
49. D. Remove
解析：根据语境，工作是从传送带上移除蛋糕。Save意为“保存”，Keep意为“保持”，Stop意为“停止”，这些选项都不符合语境。
50. A. harder
解析：根据后文的内容，这项工作比听起来要难。better意为“更好”，longer意为“更长”，cheaper意为“更便宜”，这些选项都不符合语境。
51. B. Slow down
解析：根据语境，如果稍微慢一点，蛋糕就会堆积起来。Calm down意为“冷静下来”，Stay on意为“继续”，Move on意为“继续前进”，这些选项都不符合语境。
52. C. expected
解析：根据语境，这项工作比作者预期的压力要大。indicated意为“表明”，witnessed意为“见证”，remembered意为“记得”，这些选项都不符合语境。
53. B. smiled
解析：根据后文父亲的话，他应该是微笑着回应。cried意为“哭泣”，hesitated意为“犹豫”，refused意为“拒绝”，这些选项都不符合语境。
54. D. delivering
解析：根据语境，父亲在童年时期帮忙送食物。tasting意为“品尝”，finding意为“寻找”，sharing意为“分享”，这些选项都不符合语境。
55. D. appreciate
解析：根据语境，这种工作让你感激你赚到的钱，并尊重那些做这项工作的人。withdraw意为“提取”，donate意为“捐赠”，receive意为“接收”，这些选项都不符合语境。
2021年全国甲卷
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was _____21_____ at the hotel on business and planning to _____22_____ some friends in the area. They had asked him to _____23_____ some pepperini (辣香肠) from back east. So he _____24_____ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was _____25_____ that it would be too warm, he _____26_____ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was _____27_____ and well chilled (冷却) and he _____28_____.
That’s when things went _____29_____. “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star hotel. “The seagulls immediately went _____32_____. They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to _____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down. It was a real _____34_____.”
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility for my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, _____37_____, to apologize for the damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____. Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
21 A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
22 A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23 A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24 A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25 A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26 A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27 A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28 A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29 A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30 A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31 A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32 A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33 A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34 A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36 A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37 A. hands in pockets B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38 A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39 A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40 A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
答案及解析：
21 B. staying
解析：根据上下文，Burchill在酒店应该是为了商务出差，所以是"staying"(暂住)。
22 A. visit
解析：根据后文提到的他要见一些朋友，所以他是计划去"visit"(拜访)他们。
23 C. bring
解析：朋友们要求他从东部地区带来一些辣香肠，所以是"bring"(带来)。
24 A. filled
解析：他带了一个装满辣香肠的行李箱，所以是"filled"(装满)。
25 D. worried
解析：因为他担心香肠会太热，所以是"worried"(担心)。
26 D. laid
解析：他把香肠放在桌子上，所以是"laid"(放置)。
27 B. safe
解析：他认为香肠是安全的并且已经冷却，所以是"safe"(安全的)。
28 A. left
解析：他放置好香肠后就离开了房间，所以是"left"(离开)。
29 C. wrong
解析：接下来发生的事情出了差错，所以是"wrong"(错误)。
30 C. hall
解析：他沿着长长的走廊走回房间，所以是"hall"(走廊)。
31 B. apology
解析：他写了一封信给酒店道歉，所以是"apology"(道歉)。
32 D. wild
根据语境可知，海鸥们变得疯狂起来，因此选项D“wild”符合语境，表示疯狂的。其他选项的意思分别是：hungry饥饿的;dead死的;missing失踪的，均不符合语境。
33 B. get out
根据语境可知，海鸥们都想同时飞出去，因此选项B“get out”符合语境，表示出去。其他选项的意思分别是：wake up醒来;take off起飞;break in闯入，均不符合语境。
34 A. mess
解析：现场一片混乱，所以是"mess"(混乱)。
35 D. matured
解析：他现在年纪大了，也变得更明智了，所以是"matured"(成熟)。
36 D. actions
解析：他承认对自己的行为负责，所以是"actions"(行为)。
37 C. hat in hand
解析：他是谦卑地来道歉的，所以是"hat in hand"(表示谦卑)。
38 A. indirectly
根据语境可知，Nick Burchill间接地造成了酒店的损失，因此选项A“indirectly”符合语境，表示间接地。其他选项的意思分别是：deliberately故意地;cautiously谨慎地;secretly秘密地，均不符合语境。
39 C. reconsider
解析：他请求酒店重新考虑对他的终身禁令，所以是"reconsider"(重新考虑)。
40 B. worked
解析：他的信起了作用，所以是"worked"(起作用)。
2021年全国乙卷
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a _____41_____ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different _____42_____ of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon _____43_____. We had a woman patient who was _____44_____ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while _____45_____ to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was _____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, _____47_____ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though _____48_____, and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
She was _____49_____ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____: “Oh this isn’t for the _____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people, _____59_____ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41.A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42.A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43.A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. take into account
44.A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45.A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46.A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47.A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48.A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49.A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50.A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51.A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53.A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54.A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55.A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56.A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57.A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58.A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59.A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60.A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
答案解析：
41. C. nurse
解析：根据后文的 "we shared in her delight at her recovery" 和 "each of us in the nursing team" 可知，作者是一名护士。
42. A. grades
解析：根据句意 "我们需要一系列表达不同程度的感谢的词汇"，grades of gratitude 意为不同程度的感谢，因此需要不同的含义。
43. B. put to the test
解析：根据后文的情节，作者的想法立刻得到了检验，即通过病人的行为来验证。
44. D. recovering
解析：根据句意 "我们有一位女士刚做完膝关节置换手术正在恢复"，recovering from an operation 意为从手术中恢复。
45. A. attempting
解析：根据句意 "有一天下午，她正试图上床时突然倒下了"，attempt to do sth. 意为试图做某事。
46. A. eventually
解析：根据句意 "后来发现她是心脏病发作"，eventually discovered 意为最终发现。
47. B. requiring
句子中提到她的晕倒需要紧急医疗团队和良好的团队合作，因此空格处应该填入表示“需要”的动词，即requiring。其他选项的意思与文意不符。
48. C. slowly
解析：根据句意 "但她慢慢地恢复了"，slowly recovered 意为慢慢地恢复。
49. A. grateful
解析：根据句意 "她对我们医疗和护理团队所做的一切都表示感激"，be grateful for 意为对...表示感谢。
50. B. delight
解析：根据句意 "在她出院的那天，我们分享了她在康复中的喜悦"，shared in her delight 意为分享她的喜悦。
51. D. leaving
解析：根据句意 "当她准备离开时"，as she was leaving 意为当她准备离开时。
52. C. goodbye
解析：根据句意 "她急于向我们护理团队的每个人说再见"，say goodbye to 意为向...说再见。
53. A. reached
解析：根据句意 "当她接触到一位护士时"，reached one nurse 意为接触到一位护士。
54. D. refused
解析：根据句意 "我的同事拒绝接受"，refused to accept 意为拒绝接受。
55. B. doing
解析：根据句意 "我们只是在做我们的工作"，doing our job 意为做我们的工作。
56. C. replied
解析：根据句意 "病人看起来很困惑，然后回答说"，replied 意为回答。
57. C. duty
解析：根据句意 "这不因为我所接受的护理"，duty 意为职责，这里指护理工作是护士的职责。
58. B. given
句子中提到“我把它当作理所当然的”，take...as a given意为“认为……理所应当”。 所以空格处应该填入given。其他选项的意思与文意不符。
59. C. saving
解析：根据句意 "对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分"，saving lives is part of the job 意为拯救生命是工作的一部分。
60. D. extra
解析：根据句意 "但设计发型是一个额外的事情，应该得到奖励"，an extra thing 意为额外的事情。
2021年全国乙卷
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a _____41_____ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different _____42_____ of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon _____43_____. We had a woman patient who was _____44_____ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while _____45_____ to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was _____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, _____47_____ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though _____48_____, and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
She was _____49_____ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____: “Oh this isn’t for the _____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people, _____59_____ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41.A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42.A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43.A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. take into account
44.A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45.A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46.A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47.A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48.A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49.A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50.A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51.A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53.A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54.A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55.A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56.A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57.A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58.A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59.A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60.A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
答案解析：
41. C. nurse
解析：根据后文的 "we shared in her delight at her recovery" 和 "each of us in the nursing team" 可知，作者是一名护士。
42. A. grades
解析：根据句意 "我们需要一系列表达不同程度的感谢的词汇"，grades of gratitude 意为不同程度的感谢，因此需要不同的含义。
43. B. put to the test
解析：根据后文的情节，作者的想法立刻得到了检验，即通过病人的行为来验证。
44. D. recovering
解析：根据句意 "我们有一位女士刚做完膝关节置换手术正在恢复"，recovering from an operation 意为从手术中恢复。
45. A. attempting
解析：根据句意 "有一天下午，她正试图上床时突然倒下了"，attempt to do sth. 意为试图做某事。
46. A. eventually
解析：根据句意 "后来发现她是心脏病发作"，eventually discovered 意为最终发现。
47. B. requiring
句子中提到她的晕倒需要紧急医疗团队和良好的团队合作，因此空格处应该填入表示“需要”的动词，即requiring。其他选项的意思与文意不符。
48. C. slowly
解析：根据句意 "但她慢慢地恢复了"，slowly recovered 意为慢慢地恢复。
49. A. grateful
解析：根据句意 "她对我们医疗和护理团队所做的一切都表示感激"，be grateful for 意为对...表示感谢。
50. B. delight
解析：根据句意 "在她出院的那天，我们分享了她在康复中的喜悦"，shared in her delight 意为分享她的喜悦。
51. D. leaving
解析：根据句意 "当她准备离开时"，as she was leaving 意为当她准备离开时。
52. C. goodbye
解析：根据句意 "她急于向我们护理团队的每个人说再见"，say goodbye to 意为向...说再见。
53. A. reached
解析：根据句意 "当她接触到一位护士时"，reached one nurse 意为接触到一位护士。
54. D. refused
解析：根据句意 "我的同事拒绝接受"，refused to accept 意为拒绝接受。
55. B. doing
解析：根据句意 "我们只是在做我们的工作"，doing our job 意为做我们的工作。
56. C. replied
解析：根据句意 "病人看起来很困惑，然后回答说"，replied 意为回答。
57. C. duty
解析：根据句意 "这不因为我所接受的护理"，duty 意为职责，这里指护理工作是护士的职责。
58. B. given
句子中提到“我把它当作理所当然的”，take...as a given意为“认为……理所应当”。 所以空格处应该填入given。其他选项的意思与文意不符。
59. C. saving
解析：根据句意 "对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分"，saving lives is part of the job 意为拯救生命是工作的一部分。
60. D. extra
解析：根据句意 "但设计发型是一个额外的事情，应该得到奖励"，an extra thing 意为额外的事情。
